Nephrotic syndrome
You have two kidneys, each about the size of your fist. They are near the middle of your back, just below the rib cage. Inside each kidney there are about a million tiny structures called nephrons. They filter your blood. They remove wastes and extra water, which become urine. The urine flows through tubes called ureters. It goes to your bladder, which stores the urine until you go to the bathroom.Most kidney diseases attack the nephrons. This damage may leave kidneys unable to remove wastes. Causes can include genetic problems, injuries, or medicines. You have a higher risk of kidney disease if you have diabetes, high blood pressure, or a close family member with kidney disease. Chronic kidney disease damages the nephrons slowly over several years. Other kidney problems includeCancerCystsStonesInfectionsYour doctor can do blood and urine tests to check if you have kidney disease. If your kidneys fail, you will need dialysis or a kidney transplant.NIH: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
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Recent Cases of Nephrotic syndrome
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Top Cases of Nephrotic syndrome
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Top Nephrotic syndrome Doctors on Curofy
Top doctors who continously share their opinions on Nephrotic syndromeSiddhivinayak Clinic
Lceh Gp

PHC Bichpuri and ESI Dispensary Chippitola Agra & SN Medical College Agra & Fatehgarh
Medical Officer Incharge
SN Medical College, Agra
DA

Dr KUTE HOSPITAL
Dr KUTE HOSPITAL
Govt. Medical College Miraj
D M &S

National Institute of Medical Science
Md Paediatrics
National Institute of Medical Science
MD pediatrics

Private Practise
Md

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In your opinion, where is the need for psychologists and psychiatrists most critical?
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Last week was back-to-back five bilobed bipaddled PMMC flaps for full-thickness buccal mucosa defects. It made me reflect— In India, where many patients present late with advanced head and neck cancers, and where microvascular expertise or resources may be limited, this flap becomes more than a salvage,It becomes a purposeful craft, especially when where risk, and resources are in short supply. Success in reconstruction lies less in patient factors, and more in the surgeon’s design and execution. Every wound dehiscence, infection, or flap failure often reflects a planning flaw rather than patient factors. The Bilobed PMMC Flap Is More Than a Procedure.It’s a mastery of balance between form and function & between art and science As surgical oncologists, we must reconstruct with the same precision we resect. Both are part of the same journey,and in that journey, mindful reconstruction is where true surgical wisdom lies. Here are my 2 cents for how to plan for Bilobed PMMC Flap ✅ Flap Design • Center on the Nipple-Areola Complex (NAC) • Inner paddle → inferolateral, for mucosal lining • Outer paddle → medial, for skin cover • Lateral “C” design allows a large harvest with primary closure ✅ Paddle Orientation • Taper both ends to prevent dog-ears • Leave 1 cm between paddles for de-epithelialization & tension-free folding ✅ Safe Flap Limits • Do not extend >2 cm beyond the pectoralis major borders to preserve viability ✅ Pedicle Handling • Avoid spiraling of the pedicle • If NAC is included, anticipate nipple positioning in inner paddle or mark inner paddle ✅ Commissure Reconstruction • Prioritize primary closure • Use flap bulk to maintain commissure symmetry and prevent deviation ✅ Nerve Division • Always divide the lateral pectoral nerve to prevent post-op compression Suggestions are welcome for insightful discussion regarding same .
Dr. Bhavin Vadodariya0 Like0 Answer
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